What Is The Role Of Network Operating Systems (NOS)

A network operating system (NOS) runs on the server in a client/server network configuration and turns a PC into a network server. Examples ofNOSs include Microsoft Windows NT/2000 Server/Server 2003, Novell NetWare, IBM OS/2, Banyan VINES, Mac OSX, AppleShare IP, UNIX and Linux. A LAN can support multiple types of network operating systems concurrently.
Each workstation runs software that gives it access to the network and makes it possible to use the network's shared resources. The client software is a core portion of the workstation's operating system. For example, earlier versions of Windows included compatible client software for a variety of network operating systems and in newer versions of Windows, client software is tightly integrated after installation.
The final software components are end-user applications and data files. Some applications make it possible for users to share data files and access shared data. This functionality is built into an operating system. More advanced applications take advantage of the network by making it possible for users to access shared databases, communicate with each other through electronic mail, or even collaborate in real time with video conferencing software and other advanced solutions.

Network advantages
A network has a number of advantages over stand-alone PCs. By giving users access to network services and applications, you can:

• Reduce costs. Cost savings come from reduced hardware requirements for each
  workstation. In addition, licensing for LAN applications is usually less expensive than for multiple copies of stand-alone products.
  
• Streamline operations. Files can be shared through the network instead of manually carrying copies of the file to others by using disks or other media. You can also support simultaneous multi-user access to databases-
  
• Improve end-user support. Networks make it possible for you to enforce common applications with consistent levels and versions. File support is centralized, and most file maintenance can be performed from any network location.
  
• Improve security. Data is physically protected by storing it in a central location where it is easily backed up. Access to data can be limited according to user needs

Network pitfalls
A network doeso't, however, replace good policies and procedures, appropriate applications, or users trained to a minimum level of competency In fact, it has some pitfalls

• Not all applications are fully network-compatible Some stllnd-alone application packages won't work on a network Others might work but need special management
  
• You must take care while setting access privileges and directory structures Without careful planning, a network can quickly become a management nighttnare if not a complete disastec
  

Notes: some examples of NOS are: windows 2000, windows 2003, linux server, unix server like red hat, sun os